#C programming tutorial point pdf how to

In this case the string is shorter than 15, thus the whole string is printed. The printf(вЂњ:%.15s: вЂќ, вЂњHello, world!вЂќ) statement prints the string, but print only 15 characters of the string.The string in this case is shorter than the defined 15 character, thus вЂњwhitespaceвЂќ is added at the end (defined by the minus sign.) The printf(вЂњ:%-15s: вЂќ, вЂњHello, world!вЂќ) statement prints the string, but prints at least 15 characters.If the string is smaller вЂњwhitespaceвЂќ is added at the end. The printf(вЂњ:%-10s: вЂќ, вЂњHello, world!вЂќ) statement prints the string, but prints at least 10 characters.The printf(вЂњ:%.10s: вЂќ, вЂњHello, world!вЂќ) statement prints the string, but print only 10 characters of the string.If the string is smaller the вЂњemptyвЂќ positions will be filled with вЂњwhitespace.вЂќ The printf(вЂњ:%15s: вЂќ, вЂњHello, world!вЂќ) statement prints the string, but print 15 characters.The printf(вЂњ:%s: вЂќ, вЂњHello, world!вЂќ) statement prints the string (nothing special happens.).LetвЂ™s take another look at a printf formatted output in a more application like example:ДЄs you can see, the string format conversion reacts very different from number format conversions. If there is no then a next printf command will print the string on the same line. After printing something to the screen you usually want to print something on the next line. In this case it represents a newline character. The used in the printf statements is called an escape sequence. In this printf statement we want to print three position before the decimal point (called width) and two positions behind the decimal point (called precision). In the fourth printf statement we want to print a float. Print the output with a width of three digits, but fill the space with 0. In the third printf statement we say almost the same as the previous one. The result is that two вЂњspace charactersвЂќ are placed before printing the character. In the second printf statement we print the same decimal, but we use a width (%3d) to say that we want three digits (positions) reserved for the output. Let us take a look at an example of printf formatted output (that why you here, isnвЂ™t it?):ДЄs you can see in the first printf statement we print a decimal. ThatвЂ™s enough on that side step of variadic function and вЂњdefault argument promotionsвЂќ. If you actually needed to pass, for example, a char instead of an int, the function would have to convert it back. So for example, float parameters are converted to doubles, and charвЂ™s are converted to intвЂ™s. bool, char, short, and unscoped enumerations are converted to int or wider integer types as in integer promotion.float arguments are converted to double as in floating-point promotion.When a variadic function is called, after lvalue-to-rvalue, array-to-pointer, and function-to-pointer conversions, each argument that is a part of the variable argument list undergoes additional conversions known as default argument promotions: printf) which take a variable number of arguments. Note: %f stands for float, but C language has also a thing called вЂњdefault argument promotionsвЂќ.Дefault argument promotions happen in variadic functions. Take a look at the following list: %i or %d There are many format specifiers defined in C. If the compiler that youвЂ™re using conforms to this standard then all the features and properties should be available to you. The behavior of printf is defined in the ANSI standard. The printf function is just a useful function from the standard library of functions that are accessible by C programs. The printf function is not part of the C language, because there is no input or output defined in C language itself. The topics covered are a little printf background, format specifiers and conversions, formatting of different types and format conversions of strings.

#C programming tutorial point pdf how to

We will look at how to use format specifiers to print formatted output onto the screen. In this C programming language tutorial we take another look at the printf function.